Andhra University

Agriculture

Agriculture courses involve the study of various technical and scientific subjects related to agricultural technology, food technology, dairy industry, food science, plant science, horticulture, and even forestry. The main difference between these fields is their area of focus.

Apart from these, there are numerous agriculture courses online offered by websites like Udemy, Coursera, and edX. Students can pursue Agriculture Courses After 12th as well as 10th, mostly in the form of certificate and diploma courses. The duration of Agriculture Certificate Courses varies depending upon the course and the institution. It usually varies from a few hours to a few months.

Agriculture students have a high chance of getting jobs in the government sector such as UPSC (Indian Forest Services), Staff Selection Commission, IBPS Specialists Officer (AO), and also jobs in government organizations such as Food Corporation of India (FCI), National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), and National Dairy Development Board. The average salary after Agriculture courses in India ranges from INR 8,00,000 to 13,00,000 per annum.

Horticulture

BSc horticulture

B.Sc. in Horticulture is a 3 years full time under graduate course which is divided into 6 semesters. Horticulture is the branch of Agricultural Science that deals with the cultivation of vegetables, plants, flowers, herbs, fruits, shrubs, bushes, gardens, and landscaping for gardens, ornamental trees, maintaining nurseries, green houses, orchards and plantations and also floriculture or cultivation of flowers. 

B.Sc. Horticulture program is all about cultivation of plants, starting from seed related study to scientific study of cultivation, plant diseases, genetics of plants etc. It is all about the application of scientific knowledge in plant cultivation and thus increase productivity and yield .

Eligibility

Entry to this field starts from undergraduate level. After completion of 10+2 in Science stream (class 12th) with chemistry, physics, and maths/ biology/ agriculture as the subjects one can opt for Bachelor’s degree in Horticulture as a separate discipline or as a subject of BSc Agriculture Science.

Career Prospects

Government sector jobs , and Officer level posts are available for these Graduates in:

• State wise Forestry Departments,
• State wise Agriculture Departments
• Boards like Spice or Coir or Rubber boards etc.

Private Sector job opportunities are available in areas such as

• Private Plantations
•  Ornamental plants
• flowers businesses
• Agricultural Products marketing firms
• Agricultural Machinery
•  Equipment manufacturing firms
• Food Production and Technology Industry etc.

Career options

• Production and Sales. Operating a business or managing an orchard, vegetable farm, greenhouse, flower or plant shop, nursery, landscaping service, garden center, or food processing firm.
• Public Gardens
• Marketing
• Research
• Teaching
• Industry Support
• Inspection
• Landscape Construction and Management

Syllabus

There are 4 major subjects in Horticulture i.e.

• Fruit science ( Pomology)
• Vegetable Science ( Olericulture)
• Floriculture and Landscaping
• Post-Harvest Management. Besides these, one more subject Spice and plantation crops also teaches in some universities.

Jobs

• Landscape Foreman Supervisor Warehouse Manager
• Groundskeeping Maintenance Landscape Labour Plumbe
• Crew Foreman Foreman Operations Manager
•  Landscape Technician Technician Field Supervisor
• Maintenance Foreman Electrician Service Manager

Average annual course fee

• The average annual course fee ranges anywhere between INR 5,000 to 2 lakhs depending upon the institute offering the course

Average salary offered 

• The average salary offered for this course in India to successful postgraduates of the course ranges between INR 2 to 10 lakhs depending upon the candidate’s expertise in the field

Community/Home Science

BSc community science

B.Sc in Home Science is a three-year undergraduate program that offers professional knowledge in the field of science which deals with nutrition, health and to bring everyday life in sync with the changing surroundings. B.Sc. Family and Community Science or Bachelor of Science in Family and Community Science is an undergraduate Medicine program.

Family and community science is an area that focuses on scientific knowledge in the lifestyle of families and communities.

Generally, the undergraduate course (BSc) in home science comprises of major study topics such as physics, chemistry, biology, physiology, hygiene, sociology, rural development, economics, child development, family relations, community living, arts, food, nutrition, textiles, clothing and home management.

Eligibility

The minimum criteria of eligibility needed to be fulfilled for admission to the course is thet the student should  pass 10+2 or equivalent qualification from a recognized Board.Preferably Science as the stream of study.Qualification of a relevant entrance test in the case of some institutes

Syllabus

Career Prospects

Home Science opens doors for job opportunities for successful graduates in fields such as

• Schools and colleges
• Welfare organizations
• Hospitals
• Apparel merchandising
•  Fashion journalism
•  Restaurants
•  Service sectors
•  Cafeterias
•  Counseling

Researches are hired as

• Food Scientists,
• Demonstrators,
• Nutrition Consultants, 
• Research Assistants,
• Sales promotion companies involved in baby foods, food stuffs and adult food products also employ Home Science graduates, as do manufacturing companies.

Some of the popular professional avenues open to such graduates are listed below with the corresponding salaries offered for the respective positions.

Scope for Higher Studies 

• Masters of Science in Nutrition and Food Processing.
• Master of Science in Textiles and Fashion Apparel.
• Master of Science in Social Work.
• Master of Science in Plant Physiology & Ecology.
• Master of Science in Nutrition and Dietetics.
• Master of Science in Human Development
•  

Average fee

• INR 4,000 - 65,000 per annum

Average salary  

• 5.5L per annum

Sericulture

B.Sc Sericulture

• The duration of the course is 3 years and is divided into 6 semesters.The course that deals with the rearing of silkworms and the production of raw silk is called Sericulture.
• While there are UG and PG courses in the field, the UG programme, i.e., B.Sc Sericulture is most popular, and the competition for the limited seats available in this course are high.
• The duration of the course is three years. Most universities in India offer a Hons course in B.Sc Sericulture while some universities offer the same with subject combinations such as Botany, Zoology, Sericulture.
• The course covers topics related to various processes of Sericulture and Silk Farming. Through this course, students study techniques related to the rearing of silkworms to produce raw silk which is further used to manufacture silk clothes and products.

Courses in Sericulture

Eligibility:

Dairy Technology

Dairy Technology

Dairy Technology as it is famously known among the masses is a 4 year long undergraduate engineering degree course which involves training the admitted students extensively in the production, processing and quality control of dairy-related products. The minimum eligibility requisite is 10+2 or an equivalent qualification with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics as their subjects.

Information on eligibility, admission procedure, exams, fee and other details is given below.

Dairy Technology: Dairy Technology is a course which focuses on dairy products and is a part of the food technology and processing industry. Students pursuing dairy technology learn about milk processing as well the manufacturing process for its by-products. The study includes quality control at the time of processing of products. Students involve in gaining technical knowledge about dairy processing equipment. This includes analysis by students on production units like dairy plants and ice cream units. The course focuses on pasteurisation an important aspect of dairy technology.

Eligibility:

UG courses: Candidates should clear Class 12th in Science stream with the minimum required percentage (usually 50% - 60%) as stipulated by a university/ college.

Syllabus of  BTech dairy technology:

BTech dairy technology is a four-year duration course typically spread over eight semesters. Subjects that are usually taught in BTech dairy technology include:

Scope & Opportunity:

The field of dairy technology plays an important role in India’s agriculture-based industry. The rapid expansion of dairy industry in India has created huge demand for skilled professionals in this field. Therefore, candidates pursuing a course in dairy technology have a lot of scope and career opportunities in this field.

A graduate in dairy technology can find jobs in both public and private sectors at places such as rural banks, manufacturing firms, milk product processing and dairy farms, etc. Given below are the job profiles available for dairy technology graduates

• Dairy Technologist: A dairy technologist is responsible for developing new and more effective methods of production, preservation, and utilization of dairy products using the principles of physics, chemistry, economics, engineering, and bacteriology.  
• Microbiologist: A microbiologist monitors and studies microbes such as bacteria, fungi and viruses by using a variety of analytical and scientific techniques. A microbiologist usually studies organisms that cause disease and environmental damage or are of agricultural or industrial interest. 
• Dairy Nutritionist: A dairy nutritionist is directly involved with the dietary management of dairy cattle herds. The main aim of a dairy nutritionist is to ensure maximum production while maintaining overall herd health.
• Dairy Scientist: A dairy scientist is an agricultural scientist who helps increasing milk production and streamlining milk processing. The scientist also helps in improving animal welfare and productivity through more efficient means of producing as well as using milk.
• Dairy Production Manager: A dairy production manager is responsible for assisting the manager in the financial and physical performance of the farm. The manager implements short and long term business plans and ensures optimizing the performance of the farm.
• Dairy Manager: A dairy manager is mostly involved with the supervision of workers in all aspects of dairy production such as preparing the required feed, maintaining the milking equipment, managing the herd, and so on.
• Logistics and Distribution Manager: The responsibility of a logistics and distribution manager is to organise the storage and distribution of goods. A logistic ensures that right products are delivered to the right location at the right time.
• Farm Manager: A farm manager is responsible for directing and coordinating worker activities such as irrigation, harvesting, grading, payroll, recordkeeping, etc. A farm manager sometimes also contracts with farmers for raising of crops or management of crop production.
• Quality Control Officer: A quality control officer’s responsibility is to ensure that dairy products meet the required quality and efficiency standards.

BTech Dairy Technology Salary:

A person holding a degree of B. Tech. Dairy Technology can expect to earn a starting salary of anywhere between 15000 INR to 65000 INR depending upon one’s chosen profile and skills.

Fee: Tuition fee for B. Tech. Dairy Technology ranges from INR 2 to 5 Lacs in various institutes. It may exceed this bracket in some private universities.

Veterinary

A veterinarian (vet), also known as a veterinary surgeon or veterinary physician, is a medical professional who practices veterinary medicine. They manage a wide range of health conditions and injuries in non-human animals. Along with this, vets also play vital role in animal reproduction, animal health management, conservation, husbandry and breeding and preventive medicine like animal nutrition, vaccination and parasitic control as well as bio security and zoonotic disease surveillance and prevention.

In many countries, the local nomenclature for a veterinarian is a regulated and protected term, meaning that members of the public without the prerequisite qualifications and/or licensure are not able to use the title. This title is selective in order to produce the most knowledgeable veterinarians that pass these qualifications. In many cases, the activities that may be undertaken by a veterinarian (such as treatment of illness or surgery in animals) are restricted only to those professionals who are registered as a veterinarian. For instance, in the United Kingdom, as in other jurisdictions, animal treatment may only be performed by registered veterinary physicians (with a few designated exceptions, such as paraveterinary workers), and it is illegal for any person who is not registered to call themselves a veterinarian, prescribe any drugs, or perform treatment.

he word "veterinary" comes from the Latin veterinae meaning "working animals". "Veterinarian" was first used in print by Thomas Browne in 1646. Although "vet" is commonly used as an abbreviation in all English-speaking countries, the occupation is formally referred to as a veterinary surgeon in the United Kingdom and Ireland and now as a veterinarian in most of the rest of the English-speaking world.

Forestry

BSc forestry

Bachelor of Science in Forestry is a four-year undergraduate program that is divided into eight equal semesters.It provides students with the knowledge and training about Forestry. Forestry program trains students in the managing of forests, new plantation, maintaining old plantations and other natural resources

Eligibility

• The students must have completed 10+2 from a recognized educational board with a minimum aggregate score of 50%.
• The minimum marks of admission for this course vary from institute to institute so the students are advised to cross-check the minimum marks required at the time of applying.
• The candidates appearing for 10+2 examinations are also eligible to apply, but they need to produce their exam scores at the time of counseling (with at least minimum marks required).
• You might need to appear for college/national level entrance examinations.
• There is no age limit specified to pursue this course.

Course syllabus

The year-wise breakup of the course’s syllabus stating all the subjects is mentioned below. The first-year deals with core aspects like the Principle of civil culture, Forest ecology, Cytology, General biochemistry while the second year includes subjects like Dendrology, Principles of forest soil sciences, Surveying, etc.

Career Options

BSc Forestry course is best for those who want to enhance their awareness regarding the latest technology used in the field of Forestry.After completing the course, the graduates can work as an 

• Assistant Manager, 
• Nursery Manager,
•  Farming Manager, 
• Or can also become a teacher by joining a public or private institute as well.

Scope of Work:

Job profiles

• Forester.
• Forest Range Officer.
• Lecturers.
• Forestry Technicians.
• Forest Officer.
• Forestry Staff.
• Forest Professionals.
• Natural Resource Technician.
• Forestry graduates in the Forest Department of Indian Government. One may land the job of a forester or forest department officer in State Governments' Forest Department.

Average fee

• Rs.35,000 per Annum

Average salary

• Rs 4-6 lakh per Annum