Mahatma Gandhi Government Arts College - [MGGAC], Yanam

Agriculture

Agriculture courses involve the study of various technical and scientific subjects related to agricultural technology, food technology, dairy industry, food science, plant science, horticulture, and even forestry. The main difference between these fields is their area of focus.

Apart from these, there are numerous agriculture courses online offered by websites like Udemy, Coursera, and edX. Students can pursue Agriculture Courses After 12th as well as 10th, mostly in the form of certificate and diploma courses. The duration of Agriculture Certificate Courses varies depending upon the course and the institution. It usually varies from a few hours to a few months.

Agriculture students have a high chance of getting jobs in the government sector such as UPSC (Indian Forest Services), Staff Selection Commission, IBPS Specialists Officer (AO), and also jobs in government organizations such as Food Corporation of India (FCI), National Bank of Agriculture and Rural Development (NABARD), and National Dairy Development Board. The average salary after Agriculture courses in India ranges from INR 8,00,000 to 13,00,000 per annum.

Horticulture

BSc horticulture

B.Sc. in Horticulture is a 3 years full time under graduate course which is divided into 6 semesters. Horticulture is the branch of Agricultural Science that deals with the cultivation of vegetables, plants, flowers, herbs, fruits, shrubs, bushes, gardens, and landscaping for gardens, ornamental trees, maintaining nurseries, green houses, orchards and plantations and also floriculture or cultivation of flowers. 

B.Sc. Horticulture program is all about cultivation of plants, starting from seed related study to scientific study of cultivation, plant diseases, genetics of plants etc. It is all about the application of scientific knowledge in plant cultivation and thus increase productivity and yield .

Eligibility

Entry to this field starts from undergraduate level. After completion of 10+2 in Science stream (class 12th) with chemistry, physics, and maths/ biology/ agriculture as the subjects one can opt for Bachelor’s degree in Horticulture as a separate discipline or as a subject of BSc Agriculture Science.

Career Prospects

Government sector jobs , and Officer level posts are available for these Graduates in:

• State wise Forestry Departments,
• State wise Agriculture Departments
• Boards like Spice or Coir or Rubber boards etc.

Private Sector job opportunities are available in areas such as

• Private Plantations
•  Ornamental plants
• flowers businesses
• Agricultural Products marketing firms
• Agricultural Machinery
•  Equipment manufacturing firms
• Food Production and Technology Industry etc.

Career options

• Production and Sales. Operating a business or managing an orchard, vegetable farm, greenhouse, flower or plant shop, nursery, landscaping service, garden center, or food processing firm.
• Public Gardens
• Marketing
• Research
• Teaching
• Industry Support
• Inspection
• Landscape Construction and Management

Syllabus

There are 4 major subjects in Horticulture i.e.

• Fruit science ( Pomology)
• Vegetable Science ( Olericulture)
• Floriculture and Landscaping
• Post-Harvest Management. Besides these, one more subject Spice and plantation crops also teaches in some universities.

Jobs

• Landscape Foreman Supervisor Warehouse Manager
• Groundskeeping Maintenance Landscape Labour Plumbe
• Crew Foreman Foreman Operations Manager
•  Landscape Technician Technician Field Supervisor
• Maintenance Foreman Electrician Service Manager

Average annual course fee

• The average annual course fee ranges anywhere between INR 5,000 to 2 lakhs depending upon the institute offering the course

Average salary offered 

• The average salary offered for this course in India to successful postgraduates of the course ranges between INR 2 to 10 lakhs depending upon the candidate’s expertise in the field

Sericulture

B.Sc Sericulture

• The duration of the course is 3 years and is divided into 6 semesters.The course that deals with the rearing of silkworms and the production of raw silk is called Sericulture.
• While there are UG and PG courses in the field, the UG programme, i.e., B.Sc Sericulture is most popular, and the competition for the limited seats available in this course are high.
• The duration of the course is three years. Most universities in India offer a Hons course in B.Sc Sericulture while some universities offer the same with subject combinations such as Botany, Zoology, Sericulture.
• The course covers topics related to various processes of Sericulture and Silk Farming. Through this course, students study techniques related to the rearing of silkworms to produce raw silk which is further used to manufacture silk clothes and products.

Courses in Sericulture

Eligibility:

Agricultural Engineering

B. Tech agricultural engineering

B. Tech Agricultural Engineering is a 4-year undergraduate course in agricultural studies. B. Tech Agricultural Engineering syllabus is divided into 8-semester.Agricultural engineering is the engineering of science that studies agricultural production and processing.

Agricultural engineering combines the disciplines of mechanical, civil, electrical, and chemical engineering principles with knowledge of agricultural principles according to technological principles. 

Course Eligibility

• Passing in Higher Secondary (10+2) with Physics, Chemistry, and Mathematics higher with 50% marks will make a student eligible for this course. The admission is provided on the basis of an entrance test conducted by the respective institutes.
• Selection to all Agricultural Engineering courses will be on the basis of the Joint Entrance Exam (JEE) for the IIT's and separate state level and national level exams for other institutions.

Syllabus

Semester 1:

• Engineering Drawing
• Basic Electrical Engineering
• Principles of Agriculture
• Basic Electronics
• Elementary Mathematics
• Engineering Physics
• Computer and Languages

Semester 2:

• Soil Science
• Engineering Mechanics
• Engineering Thermodynamics
• Engineering Chemistry
• Horticultural and Field Crops

Semester 3:

• Farm Implements
• Surveying and Leveling
• Introductory Biotechnology
• Strength of Materials
• Electrical Machines
• Engineering Mathematics
• Statistical Methods
• Database Management and Internet Applications

Semester 4:

• Fluid Mechanics
• Farm Machinery
• Engineering Hydrology
• Unit Operation in Food Engineering
• Soil Mechanics
• Heat and Mass Transfer
• Soil Physics
• Theory of Machines
• Environmental Studies

Semester 5:

• Refrigeration and Air-conditioning
• Building Materials and Structural Design
• Machine Design
• Agri-business Management
• Field Operation and Maintenance of Tractors
• Farm Machinery
• Engineering Properties of Biological Materials, Wells and Pumps
• Environmental Studies

Semester 6:

• Instrumentation and Control Engineering
• Operation Research
• Post-harvest and Storage Engineering
• Tractors and Power Units
• Soil and Water Conservation Engineering
• Crop Process Engineering
• Irrigation Engineering

Semester 7:

• Renewable Energy
• Farm Machinery Design and Testing
• Drainage Engineering
• Dairy and Food Engineering
• Entrepreneurship Development on Agro-industries
• Hydraulics and Design of Irrigation Systems
• Soil and Water Conservation Structures

Job opportunities

• Agriculture Research Scientist
• Food Safety Applications Engineer
• Soil and Plant Scientist
•  Conservation Scientist and Forester
• Agriculture and Irrigation Engineer
• Lecturer/Professor,
• IBPS Agriculture Field Officer (AFO)
•  Indian Forest Service- IFS Officer
• Agriculture Officer
• Quality Assurance Officer
• Farm Manager, Research Engineer
•  Process Manager,
• Purchase Manager

Job Profiles

• Agricultural Sales Engineer,
•  Manager - Manufacturing Agricultural Tractors,
• Program Manager - Agriculture and others.

The graduates can apply for jobs in the research field, pursue higher studies, work in agricultural industries, or pursue a career in banking, biotechnology, rural business management, etc.

Course Fees

• The average course fee for the B.Tech Agricultural Engineering curriculum ranges between 30k-1.2 lakhs per annum.

Average Salary​​​​​​​

• The average B.Tech Agricultural Engineering salary of an aspirant is approximately INR 7.9 lakhs per annum.

Bio - Technology

BSc Biotechnology

BSc Biotechnology is a 3- year undergraduate course, involving an advanced study of the cellular and bimolecular processes for the development of a variety of technologies and products that contribute to improving people’s lives and health. The course is divided across 6 semesters, of six months each .B.Sc. in biotechnology is a great career option.

Biotechnology is a combination of two subjects- Biology and Technology. Broadly speaking, it brings together concepts of Biology and Engineering and aims at putting concepts of both these subjects together, in a bid to enrich our lives and make innovative developments. Biotechnology is a rapidly developing sector. Advancements are being made at good pace in this sector. Big firms are pouring in big money into it and new business opportunities are developing in this sector. These things have led to huge increase in job openings in this sector.

Eligibility

Those who have qualified their 10+2 examination in the stream of Science or any equivalent examination with at least three of the subjects from amongst Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Mathematics and Information Technology at the intermediate level with a minimum aggregate of 50% marks.

Syllabus

The syllabus followed by universities and colleges are as follows:

Career Prospects

• After B.Sc you can definitely go for M.Sc or other courses and then Ph. D if you want to get into hardcore research.MBA in Biotech is also a good option but only for those having interest in marketing, business, management can go for it.
• Biotechnology is termed as the second largest industry after Multimedia, having the potential of employment in the country. Graduates of the program after the successful completion of the course have major potential in report and analysis in fields of IT including Forex earning, patent registration.
• Candidates are trained in the field of Biotechnology to innovate and conduct laboratory work.B.Sc. (Hons.) in Biotechnology opens a wide arena of opportunity in fields of Medicine, Marine, Pharmaceutical, Industry, Agriculture, and Environment.
• They have scope in areas of Agricultural, Chemical, Energy industries, Food Industries and other such.
• They can become Sr.Research Associate, Biotechnology Expert, Lab Technician, Business Development Executive and other such.

 Job opportunities

• R & D Jobs in Companies as Research Interns.
• R & D Intern Jobs in Govt Labs.
• Academic Jobs in Pvt as well as govt Colleges & Universities.
• QA / QC Jobs.
• Clinical Research Jobs.
• Production Jobs in Pharma Industry

In-Demand Biotechnology Careers

• Biomedical Engineer.
• Biochemist.
• Medical Scientist.
• Biological/Clinical Technician.
• Microbiologist.
• Process Development Scientist.
• Biomanufacturing Specialists.
• Business Development Manager.

Average fees

• INR 2-3 Lakhs

Average Salary

• The average course salary offered to graduates of Bachelor of Science [B.Sc] (Biotechnology) course is INR 4 lakhs per annum. This amount varies according to the area of employment of the aspirant as well as his or her dedication, diligence and seniority at the workplace.

Forestry

BSc forestry

Bachelor of Science in Forestry is a four-year undergraduate program that is divided into eight equal semesters.It provides students with the knowledge and training about Forestry. Forestry program trains students in the managing of forests, new plantation, maintaining old plantations and other natural resources

Eligibility

• The students must have completed 10+2 from a recognized educational board with a minimum aggregate score of 50%.
• The minimum marks of admission for this course vary from institute to institute so the students are advised to cross-check the minimum marks required at the time of applying.
• The candidates appearing for 10+2 examinations are also eligible to apply, but they need to produce their exam scores at the time of counseling (with at least minimum marks required).
• You might need to appear for college/national level entrance examinations.
• There is no age limit specified to pursue this course.

Course syllabus

The year-wise breakup of the course’s syllabus stating all the subjects is mentioned below. The first-year deals with core aspects like the Principle of civil culture, Forest ecology, Cytology, General biochemistry while the second year includes subjects like Dendrology, Principles of forest soil sciences, Surveying, etc.

Career Options

BSc Forestry course is best for those who want to enhance their awareness regarding the latest technology used in the field of Forestry.After completing the course, the graduates can work as an 

• Assistant Manager, 
• Nursery Manager,
•  Farming Manager, 
• Or can also become a teacher by joining a public or private institute as well.

Scope of Work:

Job profiles

• Forester.
• Forest Range Officer.
• Lecturers.
• Forestry Technicians.
• Forest Officer.
• Forestry Staff.
• Forest Professionals.
• Natural Resource Technician.
• Forestry graduates in the Forest Department of Indian Government. One may land the job of a forester or forest department officer in State Governments' Forest Department.

Average fee

• Rs.35,000 per Annum

Average salary

• Rs 4-6 lakh per Annum